Strumento di misura della differenza di colore dei tessuti

It's important to have consistent color throughout production. Especially in the textile and apparel industry, quality control hinges on standardization. This involves all levels of the production chain, whether it is woven and knitted garments, yarns, or finished apparel. Brand buyers and retail customers will reject the fabric if there is even a single visible difference in color in two rolls of the same fabric.

To help standardize color, a large amount of time and money is invested in color measurement and color management. This occurs throughout different levels of production, whether it's the dye house, the cutting table, or the inspection table. To help provide objective color comparisons, managers use color measurement tools. It's important to have these tools to eliminate uncertainty, provide a common goal to all employees, and help the company focus on the important issues rather than spend unnecessary money on rework.

Why Finding the Right Colorimeter for The Textile Industry Is Important

Textiles have challenges when measuring color. There are many ways to construct a fabric, such as weaving, knitting, and non-woven, each going to behave differently when it comes to the interaction of the fabric, and light. The color of the fabric may look matched or good to the daylight, but may look really different with light from the store or when in indoor fluorescents. This phenomenon is called metamerism. With visual inspection, there is a lot of unreliability, as some surfaces are more fluffy or textured, with light being more readily absorbed than the light in the non-fluffy surfaces.

Using an inappropriate instrument will cause your team to have readings that are not how the fabric actually looks to the human eye, or to your customer. This could result in the approval of the wrong batches, and stopping production for what may be deemed acceptable variations. The right instrument will provide your dyeing team and lab, and QC department an objective, consistent reference point that is unanimous across shifts, factories, and supplier sites.

Choosing a Colorimeter for the Textile Industry

What is the production process? The needs of a dyeing factory to check batch consistency differ from the needs of a garments manufacturer dealing with fabric supplies from multiple vendors and a manufacturer of fluorescent sportswear is distinctly different from a manufacturer of plain cotton shirts.

What types of fabrics will you measure? Will you measure fluorescent or optically brightened materials? Will you measure yarn, loose fiber, or finished garments? How many measurements do you expect your team to do in one shift? For example, it will simplify the choice of the dyeing machine.

Standard Color Measurement for the Textile Industry

Describing the use of Delta E in the CIE Lab color space shows differences in color.

● ΔE ≤ 1.0 for premium fashion

● ΔE ≤ 0.5 Export quality control

● ΔE ≤ 0.03 R&D and dye formulations at the lab precision level

Other measurable parameters include color strength, yellowness, whiteness, staining fastness, and metamerism, which are also industry defined. Shading and tone differences should be measured across the gradient in more than one direction for D65, A, and F illuminations. This is important because textiles are meant to be seen in different lighting.

Check the accuracy and precision of the device

The default production purposes recommend ΔE ≤ 0.03 for repeatability. For both SCI and SCE modes, the D/8 integrating sphere has the most suitable textile optical system. In case of measuring fluorescent materials, the measurement might not be accurate or complete. Therefore, an additional measuring light source might need to be included.

Is it user friendly and easy to take with you?

A colorimeter that will be best for the production line will need to have one-button measurement and instant pass/fail feedback. A dye house lab spectrometer would be best suited to provide complete spectral analysis. With flexibility and range of measurement, many users will appreciate both pieces of equipment since they can work with shared stored standards.

Evaluate the Measurement Range and Flexibility

● Almost every type of flat woven and knitted fabric works well with 8mm apertures.

● The 4mm or 1x3 mm apertures work well for narrowly trimmed, buttoned, and embroidered materials.

● High pile fabrics, towels, and materials that are non woven work well with large apertures.

● For non woven materials, UV light sources work well for fluorescent and brightened whites.

Look at Software and Data Management Possibilities

Software and data Management allows you to stay within approved standards, compare the impregnated fabric to the stored standard, know the pass fail tolerances, and perform batch reporting. Many of your customers for export manufacturing will want the ability to do data exports to a specific format. Some software for dye house labs will provide methodology support for dye recipes and metamerism.

Consider your needs for Calibration and Maintenance

Most calibrations can be completed in a minute and with a comparison to white tiles. Auto calibration reminders with stable calibration tiles are the best. Understanding the lifespan and local support of the light source is critical, as production is expensive for unproductive time.

Pricing, Warranties, After Sale Support and Service

Basic portable colorimeters measure and record data, and range in price from $800 to $2000. Between $3000 and $8000 are the professional mid-range colorimeters that can measure data including UV and have full software. Highly sophisticated optical measuring components make lab spectrophotometers very expensive. Ideally, you would like to have service, software warranties, and software updates local to the area where you are purchasing from.

Standards for Measuring Color in the Textile and Fabrics Industry

The textile and fabrics industry requires standardized color evaluation for the sake of consistency and quality around the world. Evaluation of color in textile and fabrics industry is done mostly by the following: CIE No.15, ISO 105-J03 for the calculation of the color difference, GB/T 8424.3 for color fastness. Also, ISO 105 and AATCC standards are used for evaluation of the color of textile and fabrics when subjected to washing and light and rubbing. To obtain color measurements of the CIE Lab* color space, ΔE is used to express the color differences amongst the samples. The evaluations are done in D65 light.

Color Measuring Devices from 3nh for the Textile Industry

Textile color measurement commonly used tools, 3nh offers the following color measuring devices for the textile industry:

● TS7700 — D/8, SCI/SCE, ΔEab ≤ 0.03. Ideal for measuring whiteness, color strength, and Metamerism Index. Useful in dye houses and textile labs.

● ST2222 — ΔEab ≤ 0.018, five apertures. Ideal for very precise fabric checks.

● PS2080 — 6 apertures, of which 1x3mm and UV light source. Useful for fluorescent fabrics and a wide variety of textile samples.

● ST70 — D/8, compact, ΔEab ≤ 0.02. Ideal for color inspections.

● CR8 — Ideal for dyeing factories and garment production, matches color using AI and a built-in library in less than 1.5s

● YS6060 — Ideal for liquid dye matching and color fastness testing in reflection and transmission modes

Best Practices for Textile Measurement

Sample Opacity: Fabric samples should be folded (2-4 layers) or backed with a white tile to ensure opacity, fold thin or sheer fabrics into ≥4 layers until completely opaque, Remove wrinkles, lint and dust; use a fabric holder for flatness.

Averaging:

• Take 3-5 measurements on different areas of the sample to ensure accuracy, repeatability ΔE < 0.15, especially for textured fabrics.

• Take measurements at 0°, 90° on face and back (4 positions total) and calculate the average

• Pile & napped fabrics: Measure in both pile and counter-pile directions, then average

• Fleece/Velvet type: Measure along the hair/against the hair, take the average

Geometry: Integrating sphere spectrophotometer instruments are preferred for measuring through textiles, while 45/0 ° is often used for high-visibility garments. SCI (Specular Component Included) for most textiles; SCE for high-gloss fabrics

Color difference formula: CIEDE2000 (ΔE₀₀) as priority; CMC(2:1) if specified by customers

UV control:

• OBA-containing textiles: M1 (standard UV)

• Non-OBA textiles: M0 / M2 (UV excluded)

• Silk & high-gloss materials: M3 (polarized mode)

Data recording: Lab, LCh, Δ E, UV mode, layers, direction, date, operator

Conclusion

When searching for the right color measurement device, the type of fabric, production volume, and quality specifications must be factored. Portable D/8 spectrophotometers with SCI/SCE modes, UV and ΔE ≤ 0.03 are adequate for daily quality control by most textile manufacturers. For formulation and batch approval tasks in dye house labs, benchtop models with color matching software and complete spectral range are superb. Selecting the appropriate system allows for the first time control of color consistency throughout the fabric production process.

Frequently Asked Questions from Buyers

Which colorimeter is most suitable for the color measurement of a textile fabric?

For most textile applications, the most suitable is an integrating sphere D/8 spectrophotometer with SCI/SCE and UV light source.

What do you use the UV light source for when measuring textiles?

UV light is essential in the measuring process because measuring fluorescent textiles and brightened whites is only possible in the presence of UV light. Any measurement of fluorescent textiles and brightened whites without UV light will be inaccurate.

What is the acceptable ΔE value for control of quality in textiles?

ΔE ≤ 1.0 is acceptable in the majority of production. ΔE ≤ 0.5, or tighter is expected for premium and export brands.

What 3nh device is proposed for a dyeing factory?

For dyeing factories, it is recommended to use the TS7700 or PS2080 since they include UV capability and textile-specific indices, color strength, and metamerism.

How frequently is it necessary to perform a calibration on a textile colorimeter?

Before the start of each shift and before each measurement session is when you would need to perform a calibration on a textile colorimeter.